CT血管造影-手臂和腿部

定义

CT angiography combines a CT scan with the injection of dye. This technique is able to create pictures of the blood vessels in the arms or legs. CT代表计算机断层扫描.

选择的名字

Computed tomography angiography - peripheral; CTA - peripheral; CTA - Runoff; PAD - CT angiography; Peripheral artery disease - CT angiography; PVD - CT angiography

如何执行测试

You will lie on a narrow table that slides into the center of the CT scanner.

When you are inside the scanner, the machine's x-ray beam rotates around you. Modern "spiral" scanners can perform the exam without stopping.

A computer makes multiple images of the body area, called slices. These images can be stored, viewed on a monitor, or printed on film. Models of the body area in three-dimension can be created by adding the slices together.

You must stay still during the exam, because movement blurs the pictures. You may have to hold your breath for short periods of time.

扫描大约只需要5分钟.

如何准备考试

Some exams require a special dye, called contrast, to be injected into your body before the test. Contrast helps certain areas show up better on the x-rays.

• Contrast can be given through a vein (IV) in your hand or forearm. 如果使用对比, you also may be asked not to eat or drink anything for 4 to 6 hours before the test.
• Let your health care provider know if you have ever had a reaction to contrast. You may need to take medicines before the test to avoid this problem.
• 在接受对比之前, tell your provider if you take the diabetes medicine metformin (Glucophage). You may need to take extra steps if you are taking this medicine.

The contrast can worsen kidney function problems in people with poorly functioning kidneys. Talk to your provider if you have a history of kidney problems.

Too much weight can cause damage to the scanner's working parts. 如果你的体重超过300磅(135公斤), talk to your doctor about the weight limit before the test.

You will need to remove jewelry and wear a hospital gown during the CT exam.

考试的感觉如何

Some people may be uncomfortable lying on the hard table.

静脉注射造影剂可能导致:

• 轻微的灼烧感
• 嘴里有金属的味道
• 你的身体温暖地潮红

These feelings are normal and usually go away within a few seconds.

为什么要进行测试

如果你有a的症状，你可能需要这个测试 血管狭窄或阻塞 手臂、手、腿或脚.

该检查还可用于诊断:

• Abnormal widening or ballooning of part of an artery (动脉瘤)
• 出血
• Swelling or inflammation of the blood vessels (vasculitis)
• 行走或运动时腿部疼痛(跛行)

正常的结果

Results are considered normal if no problems are seen.

异常结果意味着什么

An abnormal result is commonly due to narrowing and hardening of the arteries in the arms or legs from 动脉壁上的斑块堆积.

The x-ray may show a blockage in the vessels caused by:

• Abnormal widening or ballooning of part of an artery (动脉瘤)
• 血凝块
• 其他动脉疾病

异常结果也可能是由于:

• 血管发炎血管发炎
• 血管损伤
• 伯格氏病(血栓闭塞性脉管炎), a rare disease in which blood vessels of the hands and feet become blocked
  

风险

CT扫描的风险包括:

• 暴露于辐射
• 对比染料过敏
• 造影剂对肾脏的损害

CT scans give off more radiation than regular x-rays. Having many x-rays or CT scans over time may increase your risk for cancer. 然而，任何一次扫描的风险都很小. You and your provider should discuss this risk compared with the value of an accurate diagnosis for the problem. Most modern scanners use techniques to use less radiation.

Let your provider know if you have ever had an allergic reaction to injected contrast dye.

• 最常见的造影剂含有碘. 如果你对碘过敏，你可能有 恶心或呕吐, 打喷嚏, 瘙痒, or 荨麻疹 如果你得到这种对比.
• 如果你需要这种对比, your provider may give you antihistamines (such as Benadryl) or steroids before the test.
• 肾脏帮助将碘排出体外. You may need extra fluids after the test to help rid your body of the iodine if you have kidney disease or diabetes.

Rarely, the dye may cause a serious allergic response called 速发型过敏反应. 这可能会危及生命. Notify the scanner operator right away if you have any trouble breathing during the test. Scanners have an intercom and speakers so the operator can hear you at all times.

参考文献

Kauvar DS, Kraiss LW. Vascular trauma: extremity In: Sidawy AN, Perler BA, eds. Rutherford's Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy. 10日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2023:chap 183.

梅尔维尔·阿里，Belch JJF. Primary and secondary vasospastic disorders (Raynaud's phenomenon) and vasculitis. 参见:lottus I, Hinchliffe RJ主编. Vascular and Endovascular Surgery: A Companion to Specialist Surgical Practice. 6日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019:chap 12.

雾人是的. Angiography: principles, techniques, and complications. In: Adam A, Dixon AK, Gillard JH, Schaefer-Prokop CM, eds. 格兰杰 & Allison's Diagnostic Radiology: A Textbook of Medical Imaging. 7日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021:chap 78.